Resepsi Man ‘Arafa Nafsahu dalam Naskah Tarekat Syattariyah Syekh H. Ali Imran Hasan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15642/Javano.2025.3.1.423-447Keywords:
Tarekat Syattariyah, Reseption Hadis, Living HadithAbstract
The hadith “man ‘arafa nafsahu faqad ‘arafa rabbahu” (“whoever knows himself knows his Lord”) is one of the most popular expressions in Sufi and tariqa discourse in various parts of the Islamic world, including Nusantara, because it is used as a foundation for the teachings of ma‘rifat, suluk, and the concept of martabat. However, its status as authentic hadith is widely disputed by hadith scholars, who generally regard it as having no defensible chain of transmission. The gap between the popularity of its use among Sufi orders and the weakness of its transmission validity according to formal hadith studies has not been specifically examined much, especially in the context of local tariqa manuscripts. This article aims to examine the reception and function of this hadith in the manuscript of the Shattariyah Order by Sheikh H. Ali Imran Hasan, placing the tension between the authority of the sanad and the authority of meaning as the main axis of analysis. This study uses the takhrij al-hadith approach to trace the transmission routes and degree of authenticity, combined with textual-hermeneutic analysis of the commentary (sharh) composed by Sheikh H. Ali Imran Hasan. The results show that the semantic validity and pedagogical-spiritual function of this hadith in the epistemology of the tariqa tend to be positioned as equal to, and sometimes even beyond, the formal criteria of sanad authenticity prevailing in mainstream hadith science. This finding enriches academic discussion of how tariqa communities construct local religious authority outside the framework of conventional hadith criticism, and opens space for further studies of other popular hadiths in the literature of Nusantara tariqas.
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