Journal of Arabic Language Studies and Teaching

Implementation of the Group Investigation Model in Arabic Language Learning to Strengthen 4C Competencies in Writing Skills

Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Writing skill (maharah al-kitabah) is one of the most complex skills in Arabic language learning because it requires the ability to organize ideas, think critically, and communicate meaning coherently. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Cooperative Learning using the Group Investigation (GI) model in strengthening 4C competencies—critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication—in Arabic writing instruction. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive design through library research. Data were collected from national and international journal articles published between 2020 and 2025 and analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing techniques. The findings indicate that the Group Investigation model is conceptually relevant to the characteristics of Arabic writing skills, as it encourages students to actively investigate topics, develop ideas collaboratively, and construct texts systematically. Furthermore, the integration of the GI model contributes to improving the quality of students’ writing in terms of idea development, language accuracy, and paragraph coherence, while simultaneously strengthening 4C competencies. Therefore, Group Investigation can be considered an innovative cooperative learning model that supports Arabic writing instruction aligned with the demands of 21st-century education.

The Rhetorical Dimensions of Kalam Khabari and Insya’i in Surah ‘Abasa and Their Implications for Educational Values

Wulan Kurnia, Ferki Ahmad Marlion, Zabila Refania, Ilda Amanda, Neza A Efiantri — Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the forms and rhetorical functions of Kalam Khabari and Kalam Insya’i in Surah ‘Abasa from the perspective of Arabic rhetoric (balaghah), particularly the branch of Ilm al-Ma‘ani. The research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method. The primary data source is the text of the Qur’an, specifically Surah ‘Abasa, while secondary data are obtained from classical tafsir books, rhetorical references, and relevant academic literature. Data collection was conducted through documentation by identifying and classifying the verses into categories such as Khabar Ibtida’i, Khabar Thalabi, Khabar Inkari, and various forms of Insya’i, including interrogative, imperative, exclamatory, and prohibitive expressions. The data were analyzed using a descriptive-analytical method to explain their linguistic structures and rhetorical values. Kalam khabari develops cognitive aspects through knowledge and self-awareness, while kalam insya’i shapes affective and behavioral dimensions through admonition, commands, and moral reflection, thereby fostering character building, social empathy, and individual responsibility.

The Role of the Student Organization’s Language Division in Constructing a Language Environment for Enhancing Speaking Skills: A Qualitative Study at Al-Tibyan Institute

Mhd Firdaus Lubis, Mohammed Abdulaziz Mohammed Ahmed El Tigani — Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the role of the Language Division within the student organization at Al-Tibyan Institute in fostering a language-rich environment to develop speaking skills. While prior research emphasizes teachers and formal instruction, this study highlights the division as a non-formal educational agent within institutional contexts. Using a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach through interviews, observation, and document analysis, it explores programs, implementation, and daily practices supporting communicative competence. Findings show the division organizes structured language activities, continuous monitoring, remedial support, and feedback strategies, effectively linking classroom learning with real-life use. Participating students demonstrate improvements in fluency, accuracy, confidence, and vocabulary. The study underscores the division’s strategic role in bridging theory and practice and offers a replicable, sustainable model for institutions aiming to enhance speaking skills through immersive, interactive, and student-centered language environments.

The Role of the Book Al-Muqaddimah al-Jazariyyah in Developing Arabic Speaking Skills

Anang Fajar Hasbi, M. Syukri, Nining Maida, Muhammad Farkhan — Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the role of Al-Muqaddimah al-Jazariyyah in developing students’ Arabic speaking skills within the pesantren context, addressing the limited attention to its pedagogical potential beyond tajwīd instruction. This research employs a qualitative approach with an exploratory case study design at Pondok Pesantren Azzilfa. Data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews with teachers and students, and documentation of instructional activities. The findings reveal that the use of Al-Muqaddimah al-Jazariyyah contributes significantly to improving students’ speaking skills, particularly in phonological accuracy, articulatory fluency, and speaking confidence. Instructional practices such as talaqqī, memorization of nazham, simā‘an, and muḥādathah effectively integrate tajwīd-based phonological mastery with communicative language use. Furthermore, reinforcement of makhārij al-ḥurūf and Arabic sound characteristics provides a strong phonetic foundation for more accurate and confident oral expression. These findings suggest that classical Islamic texts can function as strategic pedagogical resources when combined with communicative approaches, offering a sustainable model for Arabic language learning in pesantren.

Love in The Short Story “Hilm Sa‘ah” By Naguib Mahfouz: An Analysis of The Inner Structure By I.A. Richards (Structuralist Study)

Syarah Ananda Efendi, Rasyad Rasyad, Akmal Fajri — Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study analyzes the inner structure of love in the short story Hilm Saʿah by Naguib Mahfouz using the theory of I.A. Richards. The problem of this research focuses on how language constructs the inner emotional experience of love through the elements of sense, feeling, tone, and intention. The aim of this study is to describe and analyze the dynamics of love as an inner phenomenon formed through linguistic meaning and narrative expression. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with close reading techniques, using the short story as the primary data source. The analysis is conducted by identifying and interpreting the four elements of inner structure to reveal how emotional meaning is developed in the text. The findings show that love is constructed as an imaginative and psychological experience shaped by the character’s inner condition, particularly loneliness, desire, and emotional needs. The emotional dynamics develop from fascination and happiness to anxiety and ultimately disappointment. In conclusion, love in this short story is represented as a temporary and illusory experience; however, it produces a deep emotional and existential impact through the interaction between language and the character’s inner consciousness.

Students' interest and tendencies in using printed and electronic dictionaries in learning Arabic at Sunan Ampel University Surabaya

Mirwan Akhmad Taufiq — Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The development of technology has impacted the way students access learning resources, including the use of dictionaries as a primary tool for understanding Arabic vocabulary. This study aims to identify students' interests and preferences in using printed and electronic dictionaries to learn Arabic at Sunan Ampel University, Surabaya. This study relied on a descriptive quantitative approach using a survey method. The sample consisted of 26 students from the Department of Arabic Language and Literature and the Department of Arabic Language Education. Data was collected through an online questionnaire (G-Form) and interviews with professors in both departments. The study concluded that most students prefer electronic dictionaries because they are more practical, quicker to access, and compatible with today's digital learning style. However, some students still insist on using printed dictionaries for specific purposes that are considered more in-depth and beneficial. Several students are unaware of how to find a word in a printed dictionary, having initially relied on electronic dictionaries. These results also indicate a shift in the learning culture among Arabic language students and provide a basis for lecturers and educational institutions to adjust their learning methods and provide learning resources relevant to the needs of the digital generation.

Intervention Using Visual-Scaffolding Nahw Grammar Charts A Quasi-Experimental Study on I‘rāb Accuracy and Sentence Structure in Pesantren

Deva Hanafi, Asep Sunarko, Ahmad Zuhdi — Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of a visual-scaffolding-based Nahwu formula chart intervention on students’ grammatical ability. Using a quantitative, quasi-experimental design (One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design), this study involved 30 students at Fatkhul Mu’in Ali Masykur Islamic Boarding School in Wonosobo as research subjects. Data collection techniques included tests, treatment, observation, and documentation. The results of the study show a significant increase in the average scores. The lowest student score improved from 38 to 63, while the highest score reached 96. The effectiveness analysis using the N-Gain score yielded a moderate value. These findings confirm that the use of formula charts as a visual instrument can reduce students’ cognitive load and facilitate pattern recognition in Arabic syntactic analysis. This study recommends the integration of visual media into the ilmu alat curriculum in Islamic boarding schools to accommodate the learning styles of contemporary students.

Language and Thought in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: A Philosophy of Science Inquiry into the New Linguistic Paradigm in Arabic Language Education

Indy Imtiyaz, M. Yunus Abu Bakar, Fathoni — Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has introduced fundamental changes in the relationship between language and thought, generating significant epistemological implications for Arabic language education. This article aims to analyze the relationship between language and thought from a philosophy of science perspective in the AI era, identify conceptual gaps in technology-based learning practices, and formulate a more reflective and integrative linguistic paradigm. The study employs a qualitative approach through library research, utilizing content analysis of sources in philosophy of language, educational technology, and Arabic pedagogy. The findings indicate that AI encourages a shift from a transmissional toward a constructive-dialogical epistemology, in which knowledge is produced through interactions between humans and technology. Although AI enhances learning effectiveness and personalization, the interpretation of language still requires human reflective consciousness. Therefore, Arabic language education should develop a humanistic-digital approach that positions technology as an epistemic partner without displacing the role of language as a medium for constructing meaning, awareness, and values.

Self-Actualization of the Main Character in Najib Mahfuz’s Novel Rihlatu Ibn Fattouma: A Literary Psychology Study

Bentara Subhan, Nur Chalis, Ivan Aulia Trisnady — Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the process of self-actualization of the character Qandil in the novel Rihlatu Ibnu Fatumah by Najib mahfuz. The research method employed in this study is a qualitative descriptive method using Abraham Maslow’s literary psychology theory of self-actualization. This study utilizes written data from the novel Rihlatu Ibnu Fatumah by Najib Mahfuz that illustrates the process of self-actualization of the main character from Abraham Maslow’s perspective. The data collection methods employed in this study include reading and note-taking, literature review, close reading, and manual coding. The data in this study were analyzed using data analysis techniques involving identification, analysis, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the character Qandil undergoes eleven stages of self-actualization according to Maslow, which include: a more efficient perception of reality, acceptance of oneself, others, and nature, a sense of social belonging, autonomy, problem-centeredness, peak experiences, the need for privacy, sustained appreciation, creativity, a democratic character structure, and deep interpersonal relationships. The researcher hopes that this study can serve as input for other research related to Abraham Maslow’s literary psychology theory.

The Use of Classical and Modern Arabic Short Stories as a Strategy for Improving Arabic Language Skills

Dyah Adila Perdana — Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the use of classical and modern Arabic short stories as a strategy for enhancing Arabic language skills. The study is grounded in the importance of learners’ mastery of formal Arabic (fuṣḥā), communicative competence, and understanding of Arab culture. Classical short stories, such as Maqāmāt al-Ḥarīrī, offer a high level of formal language, complex sentence structures, and challenging rhetorical features, while modern short stories, such as those by Najīb Maḥfūẓ, emphasize communicative language, clear narrative structures, and socio-psychological themes relevant to contemporary life. This article employs a literature review and pedagogical analysis to identify the potential of each type of short story in developing the four Arabic language skills: listening, reading, speaking, and writing. The findings indicate that integrating classical and modern short stories enables the holistic development of Arabic language skills while fostering learners’ motivation, creativity, analytical ability, and cultural understanding. The proposed integrative strategy includes staged learning, textual analysis, communicative practice, written production, and project-based holistic assessment. This article offers a practical contribution for Arabic language teachers in designing effective, contextual, and literature-based instruction.

The Crisis of Humanism in the Character Ismail al-Sheikh in Najib Mahfouz’s Novel al-Karnak: A Humanistic Psychology Study

Muhammad Reza, Zulhelmi, Al Farahil A’la — Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to examine the crisis of humanistic values in the novel Al-Karnak by Najib Mahfouz, which portrays the psychological impact of repressive actions by the government in Egypt through the lens of Abraham Maslow's humanistic theory. The methodology employed in this study is qualitative descriptive, with data collection techniques including reading and note-taking, literature review, as well as careful reading and manual coding. The data obtained in this study are analyzed using data analysis techniques involving identification, classification, analysis, and drawing conclusions. This research provides a new perspective by focusing on the humanism crisis of the character Ismail Al-Syaikh, who is a figure in Al-Karnak. Research findings reveal that in Al-Karnak there is a crisis of humanism, manifested in the failure to meet the hierarchy of human needs according to Abraham Maslow, which includes physiological needs, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. At the physiological level, characters experience physical suffering due to torture. At the safety level, characters are surrounded by fear caused by threats and violence. At the love and belonging level, social relationships among characters face problems. At the esteem level, characters lose self-confidence and dignity. On the other hand, at the self-actualization level, characters struggle to develop their potential and lose their sense of direction in life.

Optimizing Project-Based Mahārah al-Istimāʿ Learning among Arabic Language Education Students at Universitas Negeri Makassar

Hikmatul Lailaa — Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to optimize the development of listening skills through the implementation of the Project-Based Learning (PBL) model among students in the Arabic Language Education Program. This study employs a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach based on Kurt Lewin’s model, which includes the stages of planning, action, observation, and reflection, conducted over two cycles. The research subjects consisted of 29 students. Data collection techniques included tests, observations, and documentation. The results showed that the implementation of project-based learning significantly improved students’ listening skills. This was evidenced by an increase in the average score from 47.86 in the pre-cycle phase to 68.31 in Cycle I, and further to 84.97 in Cycle II. The percentage of learning achievement also increased from 20.69% in the pre-cycle to 65.52% in Cycle I, and reached 96.55% in Cycle II. Additionally, project-based learning enhanced students’ engagement, participation, as well as their critical and collaborative thinking skills during the learning process. Thus, the Project-Based Learning model has proven effective in optimizing the acquisition of listening skills and creating a more interactive, contextual, and student-centered learning experience.

Analysis of Learning Difficulties in Arabic among Grade Ten Students at Sunan Ampel Integrated Islamic Senior High School Jombang

Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Language learning difficulties are a condition that reflects the gap between the expected competencies and the actual ability of students to master the linguistic aspect. This study aims to identify the form of difficulty in learning Arabic and analyze the factors that affect it in grade 10 students at Sunan Ampel Jombang Integrated Islamic High School. The research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data was collected through classroom observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis involving 10 students and 1 Arabic teacher. Data analysis is carried out using data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that the main difficulty of students lies in low vocabulary mastery which has an impact on limitations in understanding texts and developing language skills. This difficulty is influenced by internal factors, such as low motivation and high language anxiety, as well as external factors in the form of limited learning media, less varied teaching methods, and lack of supporting facilities.